Managing the Many Bugs of CAP - An Ongoing Challenge

EDUCATIONAL OVERVIEW

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of death by infectious disease in the United States. Though the majority of CAP patients are treated as outpatients, inpatients account for the greatest proportion of pneumonia-related mortality and healthcare expenditures. The economic burden associated with CAP is staggering due to the number of hospitalizations and hospital days associated with
these infections. Despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment, the mortality rate of CAP has remained relatively unchanged over the decades.

In 2007, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) released the latest update to the clinical management guidelines for CAP. However, several important changes have occurred in the past 6 years that are not reflected in the guidelines. These include a shift in etiology to more resistant pathogens and the availability of new antimicrobial agents that offer clinicians improved options for serious infections. Furthermore, increasing pressure on healthcare institutions to reduce expenditures has challenged
clinicians to implement strategies that reduce healthcare utilization while maintaining patient quality of care.

THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST

The management of CAP involves a multitude of disciplines responsible for the care of hospitalized patients. As medication experts, health-system pharmacists are involved in treatment decisions related to serious infections. Hospital-based pharmacists play a leading role in antimicrobial stewardship efforts promoting the appropriate management strategies for CAP. The value of pharmacists’ contributions depends on their knowledge of the key issues and their actions related to CAP management. This can be accomplished through knowledge- and competence-based learning that reviews the latest research while demonstrating how current management strategies can be applied in clinical practice.

TARGET AUDIENCE
This continuing pharmacy education activity is planned to meet the needs of pharmacists in a variety of practice settings, including large and small health systems, outpatient clinics, managed care organizations, long-term care facilities, and academia.This activity would be especially beneficial for pharmacists, clinical specialists, managers, leaders, and educators who are on the frontline of managing patients with community-acquired pneumonia and therefore on the forefront of identifying and managing these infections at their healthcare institutions.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Upon completing this activity, participants will be able to:

Discuss the impact of an evolving bacterial etiology on empiric antimicrobial selection for community-acquired pneumonia
Recognize patient risk factors associated with antimicrobial resistant infections
Evaluate strategies to reduce healthcare utilization when managing hospitalized patients with CAP

EDUCATIONAL FORMAT

This online activity is based on the CE Midday Symposium
conducted at the 47th ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting & Exhibition
in Las Vegas, NV.

This online activity is divided into six episodes:

Episode 1: Back to Basics:
Are You Aware of All the CAP Bugs?
George G. Zhanel, PharmD, PhD

Episode 2: Emerging Etiology of CAP
David S. Burgess, PharmD

Episode 3: The One-Two Punch in Managing CAP:
Risk Factors and Resistance
Debra A. Goff, PharmD

Episode 4: From Guidelines to Bedside:
Therapeutic Approaches and Stewardship Tactics
Thomas M. File, Jr., MD

Episode 5: Using Patient- and Pathogen-Centered
Approaches to Care: A Series of Clinical Cases – Case 1
Led By: George G. Zhanel, PharmD, PhD

Episode 6: Using Patient- and Pathogen-Centered
Approaches to Care: A Series of Clinical Cases – Case 2
Led By: George G. Zhanel, PharmD, PhD

Note: If you received credit for attending the live symposium by the same name, you are not eligible to apply for credit for this online version.

FACULTY

	George G. Zhanel, PharmD, PhD (Activity Chair) Professor Department of Medical Microbiology/Infectious Diseases Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba Coordinator, Antibiotic Resistance Program Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Center Winnipeg, Canada

	David S. Burgess, PharmD, FCCP Professor and Chair Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy Lexington, KY

	Thomas M. File, Jr., MD, MS, MACP, FIDSA, FCCP Chair, Infectious Disease Division Summa Health System Akron, OH Professor, Internal Medicine Master Teacher; Chair, Infectious Disease Section Northeast Ohio Medical University Rootstown, OH

	Debra A. Goff, PharmD, FCCP Clinical Associate Professor Infectious Disease Specialist The Ohio State University Medical Center Columbus, OH

Pharmacists
Center for Independent Healthcare Education is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education as a provider for continuing pharmacy education. Center has assigned 2.0 contact hours (0.2 CEUs) of continuing pharmacy education credits for participating in this activity.

ACPE UAN: 0473-9999-13-001-H01-P
Activity type: Knowledge-based

For questions regarding the accreditation of this activity, please contact us at info@jointsponsor.com

Method of Participation and Instruction for Credit

Review the entire CE information including target audience, learning objectives, and disclosures.
Review each episode.
Complete the Post Test, Evaluation, and Credit Application Form.
Please note that to receive credit you must achieve a score of at least 70%.
Mail the completed Post Test, Evaluation, and Credit Application Form to Vemco MedEd, 245 US Highway 22, Suite 304, Bridgewater, NJ 08807 or fax to (908) 235-4222 or email to bhassid@vemcomeded.com.
The information that you participated will be uploaded to CPEMonitor and you will be able to access your credits from the profile you set up with NABP. For more information, please visit http://www.nabp.net/.

Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest Policy
In accordance with policies set forth by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) and the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), Center for Independent Healthcare Education requires all faculty members and planning committee with an opportunity to affect the content of a continuing education activity to disclose any relevent financial relationships during the past 12 months with commercial interests. A commercial interest is any entity producing, marketing, reselling or distributing health care goods or services consumed by or used on patients. Relationships with commercial interests and conflicts of interest resulting from those relationships must be revealed to the audience and resolved prior to the activity.

Relevant relationships include roles such as speaker, author, consultant, independent contractor (including research), employee, investor, advisory committee member, board member, review panelist, and investigator. If a potential speaker or author indicates a possible conflict of interest, the conflict will be resolved by choosing another speaker or author for that topical area, or the slides, handouts, and/or monograph will be reviewed and approved by a qualified commercially-disinterested peer.

Planning Committee Members
David S. Burgess, PharmD
Thomas M. File, Jr., MD
Debra A. Goff, PharmD
George G. Zhanel, PharmD, PhD
Paul DeLisle
Marco P. Cicero, PhD
Maja Drenovac, PharmD

Disclosure of Financial Interest Summary
David Burgess, PharmD (Faculty/Planner) has no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests. Dr. Burgess does not intend to discuss the off-label use of a product.

Thomas M. File, Jr., MD (Faculty/Planner) has relevant financial relationships with commercial interests as follows:
1. Advisory Board: Astellas, Cubist, Durata, GlaxoSmithKline, Tetraphase
2. Consultant: Bayer, DaiichiSankyo, GlaxoSmithKline
3. Grant Recipient/Research Support: Gilead, Tibotec, Pfizer
Dr. File does not intend to discuss the off-label use of a product.

Debra A. Goff, PharmD (Faculty/Planner) has relevant financial relationships with commercial interests as follows:
1. Advisory Board: Astellas, Cubist, Merck
2. Grant Recipient/Research Support: Merck
Dr. Goff does not intend to discuss the off-label use of a product.

George G. Zhanel, PharmD, PhD (Faculty/Planner) has relevant financial relationships with commercial interests as follows:
1. Research Support: Abbott, Merck, Pfizer, Cerexa/Forest, Bayer, Achaogen,
The Medicines Company, Astellas, Affinium, AstraZeneca
Dr. Zhanel does not intend to discuss the off-label use of a product.

No other speakers, authors, planners or content reviewers have any relevant financial relationships to disclose.

Content review confirmed that the content was developed in a fair, balanced manner free from commercial bias. Disclosure of a relationship is not intended to suggest or condone commercial bias in any presentation, but it is made to provide participants with information that might be of potential importance to their evaluation of a presentation.

Cosponsorship
This activity is jointly sponsored by Center for Independent Healthcare Education
and Vemco MedEd.

Commercial Support
This activity is supported by an educational grant from Forest Laboratories, Inc.

Fee
There is no fee to participate in this activity.

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